Similar symptoms are caused by a drug called disulfiram, sometimes used in the treatment for alcohol dependency. The idea is that the moment a patient has a drink, they experience these unpleasant symptoms, and this dissuades them from drinking more. Another type of antibiotic that comes with a specific warning not to take alongside alcohol is metronidazole.
This link has been disputed since a review of studies found a lack of evidence to support it, and a very small controlled study in which Finnish men given metronidazole for five days suffered no side effects when they consumed alcohol.
There are a few other antibiotics for which there are good reasons to avoid drinking alcohol while taking them, including tinidazole, linezolid and erythromycin, but these interactions are so well-known that doctors give patients specific warnings.
This leaves a long list of other antibiotics that can be mixed with alcohol. One is that because antibiotics are used to treat some of the most common sexually transmitted diseases, doctors in the past were somehow punishing the patients for becoming infected by depriving them of their favourite tipple.
At the time penicillin was in such short supply that after a patient had taken it, the drug was retrieved from his urine and recycled. Recuperating soldiers were allowed to drink beer, but unfortunately this increased the volume of their urine, making it harder obtain the penicillin and, according to the Brigadier, led commanding officers to ban beer.
However, if you are experiencing a severe reaction after taking antibiotics and drinking alcohol, seek medical attention from your doctor or head to urgent care. Other common antibiotics that should not be mixed with alcohol, even though side effects may be less severe, include:. You can resume drinking alcohol once the antibiotic has cleared from your system, which is usually three days after the last dose. Since drinking alcohol lowers your body's immune system, drinking when you've been prescribed an antibiotic is never a great idea.
Furthermore, even antibiotics that aren't directly contraindicated with alcohol — meaning mixing them with alcohol is strongly discouraged — still come with a risk of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Nouhavandi cites doxycycline Vibramycin, Monodox and amoxicillin Amoxil as two examples of antibiotics that are known to frequently cause digestive problems. Since having alcohol in your system can also cause these symptoms on its own, using both antibiotics and alcohol together increases your risk of these side effects.
Alcohol consumption won't directly impact how effective your antibiotics are. But, drinking alcohol can mean that it takes your body longer to recover from whatever infection or illness you are taking antibiotics for in the first place.
Nouhavandi says this is partly because when you're sick, you need to be properly hydrated. One of the side effects of drinking alcohol can be dehydration, which can make it harder for you to get well. Like many types of antibiotics, alcohol is broken down and processed by your liver before it can exit your body.
When your liver is already working to help fight infection, adding alcohol to the mix can overwork it. Many people experience stomach or digestive side effects when taking antibiotics.
Drinking alcohol while taking antibiotics may increase this feeling of nausea due to the combined side effects. Although nausea is a common side effect of both antibiotics and alcohol, not all people will experience this when using both at the same time. The tetracycline class of antibiotics includes doxycycline and minocycline.
This class can treat a wide range of bacterial infections. People should not drink alcohol while taking doxycycline because this may reduce the effects of the antibiotic. Doxycycline may interact with alcohol. Liver toxicity is a rare side effect of taking minocycline. Since alcohol can also have negative effects on the liver, people should avoid mixing alcohol with minocycline.
Linezolid belongs to the oxazolidinone class of antibiotics. Doctors use oxazolidinones to treat abdominal, skin, lung, and urinary tract infections. As well as its antibacterial effect, linezolid reduces the action of enzymes called monoamine oxidase-A and monoamine oxidase-B.
Monoamine oxidases break down tyramine. Tyramine is a substance present in tap beers and red wine, among other products. When people drink tap beers and red wine with linezolid, the amount of tyramine in the blood may rise. People may experience the following mild, moderate, or severe side effects after drinking these types of alcohol while taking oxazolidinones:.
People should avoid red wine and tap beers when taking linezolid. They should also avoid other foods that contain tyramine, such as strong cheeses and smoked meats. Physicians prescribe sulfonamide antibiotics to treat urinary, respiratory, and abdominal infections. Sulfonamide antibiotics include the combination drug sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, which healthcare professionals also call Septra. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim affect the metabolism of folic acid in bacteria.
Trimethoprim can, in rare cases, also affect the metabolism of folic acid in human cells. One of the most common questions that we hear about antibiotics is if it is safe to drink alcohol while taking them. We generally encourage people to talk to their doctor about the specific medication they are taking, but there are some general rules about it that everyone should try to understand.
Alcohol can interact with some antibiotics, which can cause unpleasant or dangerous side effects. Those symptoms can vary because there are many different antibiotics in use, and each one has its own interactions.
The two most important examples are metronidazole and tinidazole. Both of those antibiotics can cause pain, dizziness, drowsiness, a general feeling of illness and other symptoms when they encounter alcohol.
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